Somaliland Cyberspace

Human Rights Conditions in Somalia/Somaliland Region (Since 1996)

CONTENTS

  1. Sl cyberspace Human Rights archives
  2. Human Rights Documents
  3. Politics & Press
  4. Genocide (1988-1991)

Human Rights Documents

  1. Freedom House:Somaliland Human Rights Reports. - 2023 - 2022 - 2021 - 2020 - 2019 - 2018 - 2017

  2. Human Rights Center, Hargeisa, Somaliland (www.hrcsomaliland.org)

    1. Somaliland: Human Rights Centre releases 2022 Annual Report March 28, 2023. 23 pages.
    2. Compliled Quarterly Report. - 2023. (19 pages)
    3. Annual Review of Human Rights Center - 2022, (23 pages)
    4. State of Affairs-Annual Report of Human Rights - 2021. 36 pages.
    5. Annual Review of Human Rights Center - 2020 (21 pages)
    6. Imroving Access to Justice in Somaliland 2019. (20 pages).
    7. Human Rights Center Quarterly Report. - Apr 2018. 21 pages.
    8. Annual Review of Human Rights center. - 2018. (44 pages).
    9. First Quarterly Report 2017: The Situation of the Media in Somaliland. - Apr 2017. (10 pages).
    10. Annual Review of Human Rights Centre Somaliland - 2016. (56 pages).

  3. Somaliland Journalist Association (SOLJA) (https://soljaorg.com)

    1. Media Freedom Report 2023 - Feb 6, 2024. By: Abdishakur Mohamud. 4 pages.
    2. Descriptive Report on Media case (2022). - June 12, 2023. By Abdishakur Mohamud. 12 pages.
    3. Commemoration of the International Day to End Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists. - Nov 2, 2022. By: Abdishakur Mohamud.
    4. Terms of Reference for Institutional Audit Fy 2016-2017 for Solja. - May 28, 2017. By: Abdishakur Mohamud

  4. Human Rights Centre- Somalia-Somaliland Annual Human Rights: - 2021 - 2020 - 2018 - 2015

  5. US State Department: Country Reports on Human Rights Practices-Somalia: Somaliland Sections

    2023 - 2022 - Ma 18, 2022 - 2020 - 2019 - 2015 - 2016-2012 -

  6. Freedomhouse Human Rights-Somalia - 2023 - 2022 - 2021 - 2020 - 2019 - 2018 - 2017 -

  7. UK. Human Rights and Democracy Report -Somaliland:

    Feb 2023 - Jan 2022- 5 Oct 2018 - 29 May 2018 - 22 Feb 2018 - 23 Nov 2017 - 11 Oct 2017 - 1 Sep 2017 - 11 Jul 2017 - 6 Jun 2017 - 1 Jun 2017 - 20 Apr 2017 - 14 Apr 2017 - 20 Jan 2017 - 28 Sep 2016 - 18 Aug 2016 -

  8. Amnesty International Somalia Reports:

    2023- 2022- 2022- 2022 - 2021- 2020- 2018- 2016 - (2014) (2013)" 2012 - 2011 - 2010 - 2009 - 2008 -


Human Rights Articles-Somaliland

  1. Police occupy, close 2 television stations in Somaliland Jul 1, 2020
  2. Somaliland police shut down Horn Cable TV, arrest its editor Nov 19, 2019
  3. Somaliland authorities block HadhwanaagNews website, arrest 2 employees Sept 18, 2019
  4. Somaliland police raid Horyaal 24 TV offices, arrest owner Mohamed Osman Mireh Sept 9, 2019
  5. Somaliland police arrest Eryal TV journalists filming corruption story Aug 14, 2019
  6. Authorities in Somaliland shut down 2 TV stations for 'threatening national security' Jun 19, 2019
  7. Somaliland journalist injured during arrest, jailed without charge May 17, 2019
  8. Somaliland court suspends newspaper for one year for publishing 'false news' Feb 15, 2019
  9. Somaliland bans operations of privately owned newspaper Jun 21, 2018
  10. Somaliland arrests journalists, bans TV stations Jun 1, 2018
  11. CPJ calls on Somaliland's president to prioritize press freedom Feb 26, 2018
  12. Somaliland journalist detained without charge Feb 21, 2018
  13. Somaliland journalists sentenced to two years in prison on propaganda charges Jan 8, 2018
  14. Somaliland journalists detained, accused of "false news" Dec 20, 2017
  15. Somaliland journalist detained without charge over false news claim Dec 20, 2017
  16. Somaliland court jails journalist for 18 months Oct 10, 2017
  17. Somaliland journalist detained on false news accusation Sept 27, 2017
  18. TV journalist detained in Somaliland July 10, 2017
  19. Somaliland journalist held without charge for asking question at press conference Jun 1, 2017
  20. Somaliland journalist detained over critical coverage of police Apr 14, 2017
  21. Somaliland attorney general pursues journalists acquitted of publishing false news Jan 20, 2017
  22. Journalist held without charge in Somaliland Sept 28, 2016
  23. Ethiopian police arrest Somaliland journalist Jul 1, 2016
  24. Staff of Somaliland newspapers face charges Apr 22, 2016
  25. In Somaliland, authorities order newspaper to close down Mar 31, 2016
  26. Mission Journal: Fewer arrests but fear still lingers for Somaliland's press Apr 17, 2015
  27. Journalists arrested after covering protest in Somaliland Nov 3, 2014
  28. Somaliland authorities arrest two journalists May 12, 2014
  29. Somaliland authorities shut down independent papers Apr 8, 2014
  30. Somaliland authorities ban international broadcaster Feb 5, 2014
  31. Somaliland: Newspaper raided and shut down following corruption article. (11 Apr 2014)
  32. Police raid and shut down paper in Somaliland Dec 16, 2013
  33. Human Right Challenges: Somaliland Facing Elections 17 Mar 2009
  34. HRW. "Somaliland: Fragile Democracy Under Threat: Electoral Crisis Underscores Broader Human Rights Concerns" (2009)
  35. HRW. "Hostages to Peace": Threats to Human Rights and Democracy in Somaliland (2009)
  36. Conditions in Hargeisa central prison (2005)
  37. Girl jailed for espionage released in Somaliland(2005)
  38. Status and (Human Rights) Obligations of Non-recognized De Facto Regimes in International Law: The Case of 'Somaliland.' (2005)
  39. Report on Human Rights Familiarisation Tour to Somaliland(2005)
  40. UNCHR. Somalia and Somaliland: Supporting and Strengthening the Work of Somali Human Rights Defenders - A Workshop Report 1 Jul 2003
  41. Somaliland: Shadows of the Past As Human Rights Deteriorate 2003
  42. Amnesty International. "Amnesty visits Somaliland to run human rights workshop" (2001)
  43. U.S. "Somaliland in Somalia Country Report on Human Rights Practices (1998)
  44. Amnesty International. "Somaliland leader says he supports human rights" (1998)
  45. UNHCR. "Press Freedom Somaliland" (1997)

Genocide (1988-1991)

  1. Somaliland: Kill all but the crows part-2
  2. Somaliland: Kill All but the Crows-Al jazeera
  3. 42 Victims of Siyaad Barre Regime Exhumed, Reburied
  4. Kill All But The Crows, a documentary of the genocide in Somaliland 1988-video
  5. Somaliland: Investigators discover 17 bodies from old mass graves (Africanews.com) 2017
  6. Somaliland Opens 30-year-old Mass Graves From Civil War (voanews)
  7. Borgen project. "10 Facts about Isaaq Genocide" (2017)
  8. WashPost. "Genocide in Horn of Africa" (2016)
  9. Aljazeera. "Investigating genocide in Somaliland-2014 (2014)
  10. Minorities at Risk Project. "Chronology for Issaq in Somalia" (2004)
  11. "Isaaq genocide"-From Wikipedia
  12. Combat genocide. "Somalia Genocide-1988-1989"
  13. UNHCR. "Mass Graves in Somaliland" (1997)
  14. UNHCHR. "Preliminary UN assessment of mass graves in the vicinity of Hargeisa" (1997)
  15. UNHCR. "Forensic report: Preliminary assessment of mass graves in the vicinity of Hargeisa, Somalia" (1997)
  16. UNHCHR. "Preliminary UN assessment of mass graves in the vicinity of Hargeisa" (1997)
  17. Simmone. Mass Graves Leave A Corner of Somalia Appealing for Justice". LA Times.
  18. Maneker. "Shaky Peace Lets Northern Somalia Grow Without International Aid.
  19. Manekar. "Survivors Seek Justice in Somalia".
  20. Simmone. Mass Graves Leave A Corner of Somalia Appealing for Justice". LA Times.
  21. Manekar. "Survivors Seek Justice in Somalia".
  22. Press Reports on Mass graves.
  23. T.Dagne."Somalia: A Country at War - Prospects for Peace(1992).
  24. C.Searle. "Agony and Struggle in Northern Somalia"
  25. MRG."Hargeisa: City Under Siege " & Somalia: A Nation in Turmoil"
  26. U.S.GAO. "Somalia:Observations Regarding the Northern Conflict"
  27. R.Gersony."Why Somalis Flee: Conflict in Northern Somalia", (1993)
  28. A.Neier." Bloody Somalia ", The Nation. 1988
  29. U.S Congress. "Reported Massacres and Indiscriminate Killings in Somalia (1988)
  30. Saeed Sh.Mohammed. "Siyad's Vendetta against the North. (1987)
  31. R.Greenfield."Somalia's Letter of Death". New African(1987)

Promoting Free Expression

  1. Freedom of the Press | American Civil Liberties Union
  2. International press freedom Declarations
  3. International Declaration on the Protection of Journalists (May 11, 2016)
  4. Declaration of Principles on Freedom of Expression in Africa, 17 - 23 Oct, 2002: Banjul, The Gambia.

Advocacy Organizations

  1. Canadian Journalists for Free Expression An advocacy organization that defends the rights of journalists and contributes to the development of media freedom worldwide.
  2. The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) An advocacy organization that draws public attention to abuses against members of the press.
  3. International Federation of Journalists An organization that promotes international action to defend press freedom and social justice through international trade unions for journalists.
  4. International Freedom of Expression Exchange (IFEX) A coming together of International Freedom of Expression organizations to spotlight and combat abuses of press freedom. A regional non-governmental organization based in Accra which defends and promotes media freedom in West Africa
  5. Reporters without Borders/Reporteurs Sans Frontiers (RSF) - An association that spotlights abuses faced by journalists around the world.
  6. Amnesty International - A worldwide campaigning movement that works to promote all the human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international standards. In particular, Amnesty International campaigns to free all prisoners of conscience.
  7. Article 19 - a human rights organization with a specific mandate and focus on the defense and promotion of freedom of expression and freedom of information worldwide.
  8. Human Rights Watch - Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world supporting victims and activists, investigating and exposing violations, holding abusers accountable and challenging governments to respect international human rights law.
  9. International PEN. It has 145 Centers in 104 countries across the globe".
  10. African Freedom of Expression Exchange (AFEX) - a continental network of the most prominent freedom of expression and media rights organisations in Africa.
  11. Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press An American nonprofit organization, founded in 1970, that provides free legal assistance to and on behalf of journalists.

Pan African Documents

  1. African Commisson on Human and Peoples' Rights
  2. Declaration of Principles on Freedom of Expression in Africa, 17 - 23 Oct, 2002: Banjul, The Gambia.
  3. "Draft Additional Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights " (1990)
  4. "African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child" (1990)
  5. "African [Banjul] Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights"(Oct. 21,1986)
  6. "Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa" (1974)
  7. OAU."Charter of Organization of Africa" (May 1963)

    United Nations Documents

  8. "The United Nations Charter"
  9. "Convention on the Rights of the Child"(1990)
  10. "ILO Declaration on fundamental principles and rights at work "(1998)
  11. "International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights"(1976)
  12. "Convention on the Political Rights of Women"
  13. "Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel...Punishment" (1985)
  14. "Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women" (1981)
  15. "Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion" (1981)
  16. "International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights" (1976)
  17. "Declaration on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict"(1974)
  18. "Declaration on Social Progress and Development"(1969)
  19. "International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination"(1969)
  20. "Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons" (1960)
  21. "Convention against Discrimination in Education" (1960)
  22. "Convention relating to the Status of Refugees" (1951)
  23. "Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide" (1951)
  24. "Convention Concerning The ...Right to Organise and to Bargain Collectively" (1949)
  25. "Universal Declaration of Human Rights"(1948)

    United States Documents

  26. U.S. human rights legislation
  27. U.S. State Department Human Rights Reports
  28. United States Bill of Rights, U.S. Const. amends. I-X.
  29. M.L. KING'S "I HAVE A DREAM" Speech - Aug. 28, 1963
  30. "The Original BILL OF RIGHTS of the United States" (1791)
  31. "Declaration of Independence in U.S. Congress" (July 4, 1776)
  32. "Consitution of the United States" (1776)
  33. The Atlantic Charter, Declaration of Principles, Aug. 14, 1941, U.S.- U.K., 55 Stat. app. 1603.
  34. French Declaration on the Rights of Man, Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (Aug 26, 1789).
  35. United States Declaration of Independence, The Declaration of Independence (U.S. 1776).
  36. English Bill of Rights - 1689, An Act Declaring the Rights and Liberties of the Subject, and Settling the Succession of the Crown (Bill of Rights)

    Great Britain

  37. "The Magna Carta" (The Great Charter)
  38. "Laws of William The Conqueror (1060)

    Europe

  39. European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI)
  40. "European Convention for Human Rights"
  41. "Declaration of The Rights of Man And of The Citizen" (1789)
  42. The Human Rights of Women: A Reference Guide to official United Nations Documents
  43. Resolution 1960 (2010) [on women and peace and security], Adopted by the UNSC on 16 Dec 2010
  44. Resolution 1888 (2009) [on acts of sexual violence against civilians in armed conflicts], Adopted by UNSC on 30 Sept 2009
  45. Resolution 1820 (2008) [on women and peace and security], Adopted by UNSC on 19 June 2008
  46. Resolution 2005/31 on Mainstreaming a Gender Perspective Into All Policies and Programmes in the United Nations System, Adopted by the UNESC on 26 July 2005
  47. Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, 15 Nov 2000
  48. Resolution 1325 (2000) [on women and peace and security], Adopted by UNSC on 31 Oct 2000
  49. Agreed Conclusions 1997/2, Adopted by the UNESC on 18 July 1997
  50. Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women, General Assembly resolution A/RES/48/104, 20 Dec 1993
  51. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, 18 Dec 1979, and its Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (6 Oct 1999)
  52. Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, General Assembly resolution A/RES/2263, 7 Nov 1967
  53. Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages, 7 Nov 1962
  54. Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others, 2 Dec 1949

    Legal Documents Related to Children

  55. Convention on the Rights of the Child (20 Nov 1989, entry into force on 2 Sept 1990) and its Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict (25 May 2000, entry into force on 12 FEB 2002) and Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (25 May 2000, entry into force on 18 Jan 2002)
  56. Convention on the Protection of children against sexual exploitation and sexual abuse, Council of Europe, CETS 201, 12 July 2007, entry into force on 1 July 2010
  57. Resolution 2005/20 on Guidelines on Justice in Matters involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime, Adopted by the UN Economic and Social Council on 22 July 2005
  58. Resolution 1612 (2005) on Children and Armed Conflict, Adopted by the UNSC S/RES/1612 (2005), on 26 July 2005
  59. Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, 15 Nov 2000, entry into force on 25 Dec 2003
  60. Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, ILO, C182, 17 June 1999
  61. United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of Their Liberty, Adopted by the UN General Assembly, A/RES/45/113, 14 Dec 1990
  62. African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, CAB/LEG/24.9/49 (1990), 11 July 1990

    Freedom Of Religion

  63. International standards on freedom of religion or belief - OHCHR
  64. Your Right to Religious Freedom | American Civil Liberties Union
  65. "Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion" (1981)

    FGM

  66. Female Genital Mutilation (FGM): Legal Prohibitions Worldwide (Reproductiverights.org)
  67. I. Laws/Enforcement in Countries where FGM is Commonly Practiced (State.gov)
  68. "In Re Kasinga: Asylum Hearing of Potential FGM Victim " (1969)

    Civil Liberties

  69. "Universal Declaration of Human Rights"(1948)
  70. "International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights"(1976)
  71. "International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights" (1976)
  72. "African [Banjul] Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights"(Oct. 21,1986)
  73. "Declaration on Social Progress and Development"(1969)
  74. "Draft Additional Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights " (1990)

    Refugee Rights

  75. New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants, adopted in Sept 2016
  76. General Assembly Resolutions related to international migration (09 MAY 2016)
  77. Addis Ababa Action Agenda of the Third International Conference on Financing for Development (A/RES/69/313-17 AUG 2015)
  78. Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, 1001 U.N.T.S. 45, entered into force June 20, 1974.
  79. "Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons" (1960)
  80. "Convention relating to the Status of Refugees" (1951)

    Humanitarian Law and Statelessness

  81. ICRC. "Armed conflicts linked to the disintegration of State structures " (1989)

    General Links

  82. AI. "Ten Ways to Repress a Journalist" (May 3, 2013)
  83. CPJ page on Somalia/Somaliland
  84. Millennium Development Goals and Human Rights
  85. Lifting the Spirit: Human Rights and Freedom of Religion or Belief
  86. Training Manual on Human rights Monitoring
  87. Freedom of Thought, Conscience, Religion, Opinion, Expression, Association and Assembly
  88. The Human Rights Education Handbook: Effective Practices for Learning, Action, & Change
  89. Freedom of Opinion and Expression. Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
  90. OHCHR. The Right to Development as a Human Right

    International Human Rights conventions

  91. The Ten Core International Human Rights conventions

This file was set up in 1996.

Go top

homepage