Somaliland Cyberspace

That freedom shall not perish....

Articles listed do not imply endorsement of content. While every care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the contents of the web site, Somaliland Cyberspace cannot accept liability for errors or omissions or any loss arising therefore, however caused. In addition, opinions expressed in the articles appearing here are those of the writer(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the site editor. They are included in our material as a reflection of a diversity of views and a variety of issues. If you have an issue with a posted material, please contact the source.


ARCHIVED CONTENTS

  1. Somaliland Constitution
  2. Somaliland Economy
  3. Somali Clans
  4. Somali Women Archives

Somaliland Cyberspace is a non-partisan, fact-based site which promotes Somaliland and sustainable development. While maintaining an ongoing archives, this space nevertheless exposes the political and cultural obstacles to achieving human dignity, freedom and environmental sustainability in an era characterized by the never-ending foreign War on Terror, expanding inequality and fundamentalism all under the threat of a climate change.

To further the understanding of these issues, here is a collection of some links and images of current interest that may be useful or fun to others as well. These include variety of matters that I watch involving the present crisis in Somalia/Somaliland region, as well as the strife in the Middle East, fundamentalist islamism, gender and human rights from a progressive point of view.

This space follows and posts alternative and uncompromising news, picking up the chatter where lamestream news media left it off and keeping certain issues alive. This space attempts to fill a void that is often and glaringly neglected. In this context, integrity, insight and intelligence are sorely lacking. Content is bold and provocative. No subject is off limits, no authority immune from criticism and no power above accountability, even a sub-clan-sponsored 'government' or the teachings of a major religion.



What to Do to Mitigate Looming Climate Change: 10 Specific Policies

Somaliland Constitution

  1. What reopening Somaliland constitution means for Awdal By Ahmed Said. October 12, 2023
  2. Somaliland House of Representatives and local council elections, 31 May 2021. By Michael Walls, Mark Stevens, etc. 68 pages.
  3. Analysis of the Long-Term Negative Impacts of The Active involvement of Tribal Elders in The Parliamentarians Selection Process With The Absence of Political Parties Constitutional Role By Khalid S. Dirir. March 21, 2021.
  4. Transitional Justice, Peace and Everyday Reality: Somaliland's Experience with justice and security-sector reform. 112 pages. By SIHAM RAYALE. JUNE 2021
  5. Extradition and Constitution (Article 35.3 of the Somaliland Constitution) By Anton Girginov. 17.05.2020
  6. Researching the Somaliland Legal System. June 2020. Update by Mohamoud Hussein Farah
  7. Executive dominance in Somaliland legal system. By Khadar Qorane, September 11, 2019.
  8. What Kind of Constitution Does Somaliland Need For Peace and Development. April 11, 2019
  9. Somaliland: Escalating censorship, harassment and prosecution of government critics. July 4, 2019. Amnesty.org.
  10. Chapter 9: A Gap in the Somaliland Constitutional Process: Reforming the Guurti House Dr. Mohamed Fadal (SORADI). 9 pages. 2018
  11. Somaliland: The Law And FGM. August 2018. 13 pages.
  12. Involvement and Impact of External Actors on Constitution Making in South Sudan and Somaliland: A Comparative Study. Working Paper. By Seidel, Katrin. 49 pages. (2017)
  13. State-building's impact on Democratization: A case study of Somaliland's Upper House of Parliament. 27 pages. By Fanny Mandorff. (2017)
  14. Rethinking Custory Law In Somaliland: Specific Jurisdiction for Rape to Promote Post-Cconflict Development. BY Rakiya Omaar AND Caitlin Lambert.23 APRIL 2017.
  15. A Shadow on Tomorrow's Dreams: Somaliland's Struggle for Statehood By Demi Jacques, Dayna Jones, etc. 42 pages. 2016.
  16. An Analysis of Legal Issues Related to Land in Somaliland: With reference to the VGGT. By NIMCO HERSI, CAROLINA CENERINI, etc. 42 pages.April 2016
  17. The Constitution of Somaliland: The Problem of Constitutional Generations and Clan Dissolution By Mario I. Aguilar.13 October 2015
  18. Debating reform of Somaliland's House of Elders. 3 Nov 2015
  19. Bringing the Outside In: Somaliland, statebuilding and dual hybridity. By Rebecca Richards. 27 pages. (2014)
  20. Discussion Paper on Reform of the Somaliland Penal Code By Mansoor Area Hargeisa, Somaliland. 32 pages. Dec 2014
  21. Brief history about somaliland constitutions By Adnan Hagoog. 2011
  22. A Pocket of Stability: Understanding Somaliland. 49 pages. By Daniel R. Forti. 2011.
  23. Making the Somaliland constitution and its role in democratisation and peace By Ibrahim Hashi Jama. Feb 2010
  24. Beyond Polarity: Negotiating a Hybrid State in Somaliland. By Michael Walls and Steve Kibble. April 1, 2010
  25. "Hostages to Peace": Threats to Human Rights and Democracy in Somaliland. July 13, 2009. HR.ORG.
  26. Research Guide to the Somaliland Legal System By Mohamed Farah Hersi. Feb 2009
  27. The Consitution of The Republic Of Somaliland By Ibrahim Hashi Jama. April 2005
  28. Somaliland: Democratisation Aond its Discocents 28 July 2003. 53 pages.
  29. The Constitution of Republic of Somaliland ISN ETH ZURICH. Approved by referendum on 31 May 2001. 41 pages.
  30. Somaliland Constitutional Referendum. June 1, 2001
  31. Somaliland clears last hurdle, approves Constitution By SourceSL Forum. Posted 20 Jun 2001.
  32. Somaliland: The Journey of Resistance, Reconciliation and Peace. By Iqbal Jhazbhay.
  33. Somaliland National Referendum. May 31, 2001. 138 pages.
  34. Somaliland Houses of Parliament. 31 May 2001.
  35. The Constitution of the Republic of Somaliland [Translated by Ibrahim Hashi Jama – APRIL 2000]. 42 pages.
  36. Constitution of the Republic of Somaliland.

Somaliland Economy

  1. "Helping Mentally Ill, a Reward Both in this Life and After": A Qualitative Study Among Community Health Professionals in Somaliland By Sungkutu Nyassi, Yakoub Aden Abdi, etc. (2023)
  2. What it takes to build a state Lessons from Somaliland. By MARIE-NOELLE NWOKOLO. 16 pages.2022.
  3. Enhancing the financial position of cities: evidence from Hargeisa. 2022. By Victoria Delbridge, Oliver Harman, etc.
  4. 'I lost everything': Somaliland market fire upturns life, economy. By Edward Cavanough. 26 Apr 2022
  5. Land and Property Tax Reform in Puntland and Somaliland: Exploring the Connection Between Revenue Optimization and Service Delivery. OSAA-ACBF Academic Conference - 23.02.2022. 17 pages.
  6. Somaliland and Ethiopia Relations: Dr. Abiy's foreign policy towards Somaliland By Abdinasir Hassan Muhumed. March 2022
  7. Somaliland's authoritarian turn: oligarchic' corporate power and the political economy of de facto states By Claire Elder. Nov 2021, Pages 1749-1765,
  8. Financial disruption and fragile markets: A political-economic perspective on SMEs in the Somali private sector under COVID-19. By Jos Meester, Johannes Claes. 85 pages. 2021.
  9. Somaliland's authoritarian turn: oligarchic-corporate power and the political economy of de facto states By Claire Elder. 01 Nov 2021
  10. A Literature Review: The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Somaliland Economy. By Abdiaziz Harun Mohamed. 2021. 11 pages
  11. Somaliland Free Trade Zone Legislation. April 20, 2021.
  12. Building on Somaliland's Successful Elections. 12 AUGUST 2021
  13. REPUBLIC OF SOMALILAND Country Profile 2021. 76 pages.
  14. Somaliland Budget Analysis. By Bashir Mohamed Bashir. -2021. 19 pages.
  15. Factors influencing livestock export in Somaliland's terminal markets. By Ahmed M. Musa1, Oliver Vivian Wasonga1, etc. 13 pages.2020.
  16. Somaliland and COVID-19: Emerging Issues and Economic Impact. By Nisar Majid, Ahmed M. Musa. April 23rd, 2020
  17. FROM TRUST TO OLIGOPOLY: INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN LIVESTOCK TRADE IN SOMALILAND AFTER 1991. 45 pages. 2019.
  18. Somaliland: The Horn of Africa's Breakaway State by Claire Klobucista. Feb 1, 2018.
  19. The Future of Somaliland Livestock Exports: Examining the Sustainability of Livestock Trade. (With Abdiqadir M. Yonis) October 2018
  20. Paper Seven: The Role of Remittance in the Economic Development of Somaliland. By Adam Ismail Hassan. 11 pages. 2018.
  21. Impact of remittance on poverty reduction in Somaliland: The case of selected districts in Hargeisa city. by ABDI, ISMAIL.Jun-2017
  22. Somaliland and the Death of Cash 03 OCT 2017 By Itziar Aguirre.
  23. The surprising place where cash is going extinct By Matthew Vickery. 13 Sept 2017
  24. Factors Influencing the Performance of Small and Micro Enterprises (Smes) in Somaliland a Case Study of Hargeisa City. By Moukhtar Houssein Robleh. 30 nov. 2017
  25. Somaliland Launches Flagship Job Creation Program (World Bank) NOV 1, 2017
  26. Somaliland Investment Forum. Sep 19, 2016. 30 pages. https://shuraako.org/.
  27. Somaliland Trade, Exports and Imports: An Overview. By Muhumed Mohamed Muhumed. Vol.6, No.8, 2016
  28. Somaliland's Private Sector at a Crossroads. 2016. 121 pages.
  29. Q&A: Shukri Warsame, Recurrent Cost and Reform Financing Project Coordinator (World Bank Aug 11, 2016.)
  30. Somaliland Trade, Exports and Imports: An Overview. Developing Country Studies. Vol.6, No.8, 2016. BY M. Mohamed Muhumed
  31. Knowledge of Livestock Grading and Market Participation among Small Ruminant Producers in Northern Somalia By F. Wanyoike, N. Mtimet, etc. 04 Sep 2015
  32. Somaliland: The Strains of Success. 05 OCT 2015.
  33. Analysis of Somaliland Mobile Money Service on Effective Inflation Control: Case of Hargeisa Foreign Exchange Market in Somaliland By Hussein Abdillahi, Roble Guleid. 2015. 16 pages.
  34. An Investment Guide to Somaliland Opportunities & Conditions, 2013 - 2014. 132 pages.
  35. COMPREHENSIVE SOMALILAND ECONOMY SECTOR GUIDE. BY SOMALILANDBIZ. 2014.
  36. Enhancing the provision of livestock marketing information in Somaliland. 42 pages. By Lawrence M. Godiah, Derek Baker,etc. Dec 2014
  37. World Bank Gets First Measure of 'Unequal' Somaliland Economy By Sarah McGregor, Jan 29, 2014
  38. SAFETY, SECURITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC WELLBEING IN SOMALILAND. 62 pages. by Laura Hammond, SOAS, University of London. NOV 2013
  39. DECENT WORK PROGRAMME for Somaliland 2012-2015. 64 pages. 2012
  40. Doing Business in Hargeisa 2012 BY World Bank.2012
  41. Somaliland's progress on governance: A case of blending the old and the new. 6 pages. Daniel Harris with Marta Foresti. 2011.
  42. Somaliland National Vision 2030. Dec 2011. 20 pages.
  43. Ministry of National Planning and Development, National Development Plan (2012-2016). Dec 2011. 34 pages.
  44. Cross-border Livestock Trade Assessment Report: Impacts of lifting the livestock import ban on food security in Somalia, Ethiopia, and the Djibouti borderland. Oct 2010. 8 pages.
  45. The political development of Somaliland and its conflict with Puntland. By Berouk Mesfin. September 2009. 20 pages.
  46. The Impact of Climate Change on Pastoral Societies of Somaliland. Nov 2009. by Ingrid Hartmann, Ahmed J. Sugulle, etc.
  47. Somaliland/Somali Region Desk Review. April 2008. 31 pages.
  48. The predicament of the 'Oday':The role of traditional structures in security,rights, law and development in Somalia by Joakim Gundel. (NOV 2006)
  49. Regulating the Livestock Economy of Somaliland, Academy for Peace and Development, Hargeysa, Somaliland. July 2002. 89 pages.
  50. Somaliland Country Report, By Mark-Bradbury.60 pages.1997
  51. The Informal Economy in Civil War:Hargeisa - Somaliland. 45 pages.
  52. Challenges to Somaliland Economic Governance: "Private Sector Investment Perspective" By Garyaqaanka Guud.
  53. Challenges to Somaliland Economic Governance: "Private Sector Investment Perspective". 8 pages. By Abdisamad Omar Mal
  54. A Vision for Innovation in Berbera, Somaliland. By Carl Peterson, and Hamza Samatar, etc. 13 pages.

Somali Clans

Law of segmentation
*By Said Samatar, A Nation in Turmoil (1991)
A Critique of Said Samatar's "Somalia: A Nation in Turmoil" (1994)

  1. Isaaq - Wikipedia (Somali: Reer Sheekh Isxaaq, is a major clan in Somaliland) This page was last edited on 19 Dec 2023.
  2. Sa'ad Musa (Somali: Sacad Muuse) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 18 Dec 2023.
  3. Clan fighting threatens Somaliland's independent, hard-fought security By Micheal Horton. MAR 02, 2023
  4. The Somali Ethnic Group and Clan System By Jack L. Davies. 8 Apr 2023
  5. Kings and Sultans of Somalia and Somaliland by M.Lee. July 12,2022
  6. Clan Federalism in Somalia by Bashir M. Sheikh-Ali. June 16, 2022
  7. No Somaliland Recognition Without Sool And Sanaag On Board By Mohamed Ali Jama. January 20, 2022
  8. Somaliland Minority: Gaboye Communities' Needs and Living Conditions - By Abdinasir Hassan Timoweyne. Mar 30, 2022
  9. Somalia's Arab Affinity Exacerbates Internal Clan Strife - by Gesu Antonio Baez | Aug 28, 2021
  10. A Critical Theory Approach to Inequality in Somali Society: Rethinking Class and Identity For the Gabooye Collective in Somaliland - By Ekman, Amina-Bahja; (Mar 2021) 298 pages.
  11. Why Somali clan elders could hold the key to opening dialogue with Al-Shabaab 2021. by Ali Mohamed Gedi. Published: Jan 19, 2021
  12. Somalia's clan system: undermining democracy? By Mohamed Odowa. Feb 9, 2021
  13. Ethnic Prejudice and Discrimination of the Somali Minority Groups 64 pages. by Abdihakim Barre Warsame. (2020)
  14. Minority exclusion in Somalia: shortcomings of aid agency feedback mechanisms - By Claire Thomas and Mohamed Eno. May 2019. 29 pages.
  15. In the Valley of Death: Somaliland's Forgotten Genocide. OCT 22, 2018. by Matt Kennard and Ismail Einashe
  16. Somali clans secure peace with death sentences and hefty fines 18 March 2018. By Will Ross. BBC.
  17. Somalia: the position of women in the clan system Apr 27, 2018
  18. Somaliland between clan politics and Nov elections By Claire Elder. 1 Oct 2017
  19. Somaliland Between Clans and Nov Elections - 1 Oct 2017. By Claire Elder
  20. Focus Somalia: Clans und Minderheiten Bern-Wabern, May 31, 2017
  21. Ethnic Groups And Clans In Somalia By Joyce Chepkemoi. April 25 2017
  22. The Gaboye of Somaliland: Legacies of marginality, trajectories of emancipation. By Elia Vitturini. 293 pages. 2017.
  23. Are Ethnic Wars Ethnic? A Comparative Study Of Somalia And Ethiopia. BY Leon Lam. May 17, 2016
  24. Book Review: Clan Cleansing in Somalia: The Ruinous Legacy of 1991 by Rebecca M. Glade. (2016)
  25. The Somali Clan System: A Road Map To Political Stability in Somalia. by Fuad Mohamed Ali,(May 2016)
  26. Somalia and Rwanda: The Psychology and Philosophy of the African Conflicts. by Mohamed Haji Ingiriis. Jan 2016.
  27. Visualizing Somali Clan Genealogy by Abdalla Abdi.Darod Clan Family Genealogy Gephi.by Leiden University. 2016
  28. Challenges of Tribalism in Somaliland (By Abdiqani Salaf Kaptanka) Sept 29, 2016
  29. Methodological misjudgements: The myth of 'clan cleansing' in Somalia by Mohamed Haji Ingiriis. 31 Jan 2016
  30. Al Shabaab in Somalia: Between Clan and Faith by Hussein Solomon. 2015
  31. Courts, Clans and Companies: Mobile Money and Dispute Resolution in Somaliland. by Nicole Stremlau, Ridwan Osman. 19 Aug 2015.
  32. Somalia - Clans - Apr 8, 2015
  33. South Africa's 'demon of tribalism' raises its head. by Shaun Dlanjwa. 23 APR 2015
  34. The Interestingly Fraudulent Nature of Some Somali Arabian Geneologies by anthromadness. (2015)
  35. Somalia - Clans. Apr 8, 2015
  36. Security, Clans and Tribes: Unstable Governance in Somaliland, Yemen and the Gulf of Aden by Alexandra Lewis. (2015) (abstract only)
  37. Continuities and changes regarding minorities in Somalia-Abstract Markus V. Hoehne. 14 Apr 2014
  38. Racial and Caste Prejudice in Somalia. BY Abdi Kusow and Mohamed A. Eno. 2014, Journal of Somali Studies.
  39. Why some Somali clans protect pirates while others don't. by Oxford University. JULY 10, 2014
  40. Somali networks: structures of clan and society By Roisin Hinds. 05.06.2013. 9 pages.
  41. Review of 'Clan Cleansing in Somalia: The ruinous legacy of 1991 by Lidwien Kapteijns by Mohamud Uluso,13 SEP 2013
  42. Somalia, Clan and State Politics Edited by Michele Gonnelli. Dec 2013.
  43. Discrimination and Prejudice in the Nucleus of African Society: Empirical Evidence from Somalia By Mohamed A Eno. African Renaissance, 2013.
  44. Clan Cleansing in Somalia: The Ruinous Legacy of 1991: A Book Review by FAISAL ROBLE on NOV 8, 2013
  45. The Ethnic Origin Of The Somali People And Clan System 2013.
  46. Clan Cleansing in Somalia: The Ruinous Legacy of 1991 . Amazon.com. NOV 30, 2012
  47. Clan and Islamic Identities in Somali Society. 141 pages. By David Last & Anthony Seaboyer. Nov 2011
  48. Clan and Conflict in Somalia: Al-Shabaab and the Myth of 'Transcending Clan Politics' By: Ahren Schaefer, Andrew Black. Nov 4, 2011.
  49. Understanding the sources of the Somali conflict. 2011. by Afyare A Elmi
  50. The UN and Somalia's Invisible Minorities March 19, 2010. By de Waal Alex.
  51. Introduction:The myth of 'Somalia' by By Brian J. Hesse. 25 Aug 2010.
  52. Political representation in Somalia: citizenship, clanism and territoriality by Markus Hoehne. Feb 2010
  53. Clans in Somalia Report on a Lecture by Joakim Gundel. 15 May 2009.
  54. Clans in Somalia. by Joakim Gundel, COI Workshop Vienna, 15 May 2009. 30 pages.
  55. The Total Somali Clan Genealogy (second edition) By Abbink, G.J. (2009)
  56. The Total Somali Clan Genealogy (second edition)by Jan Abbink. (2009)
  57. Political and Historical Context: The People and the Area. Hrw.org. 2008.
  58. Appropriate 'governance-technology'? Somali clan elders and institutions in the making of the 'Republic of Somaliland' by Marleen Renders. 2007. 21 pages.
  59. Clans and crisis in Somalia by Gitau Muthuma. 6 May 2007
  60. A Return to Clan-Politics (or Worse) in Southern Somalia? by Harun Hassan and Cedric Barnes. March 27, 2007
  61. Clan Politics of Somalia By Brianne Zamora. 2007.
  62. Somali clans 'agree to disarm'. 13 Jan 2007. aljazeera.com/
  63. "I have met the enemy and it is tribalism". by Jon Udell. 2007.
  64. Africa: Tribalism lives, for better and for worse. . By Jonathan Power. 2006
  65. U dhashay-Ku dhashay: Genealogical and Territorial Discourse in Somali History July 2006. by Cedric Barnes
  66. Genealogy as Theory, Genealogy as Tool: Aspects of Somali 'Clanship' by Virginia Luling. July 2006.
  67. The BANTU-JAREER SOMALIS: Unearthing Apartheid in the Horn of Africa - By Mohamed A. Eno. 2005,316 Pages.
  68. GENEALOGICAL TABLE OF SOMALI CLANS. prepared by UNHCR Somalia. 8 pages. Last printed 15/03/2004
  69. I.M. Lewis. Adventures in Somali anthropology [article] (2003)
  70. The Somali Bantu: Their History and Culture By Dan Van Lehman, The Somali Bantu. 40 pages. Feb 2003
  71. Review: State and Clan in Somalia by Maria H. Brons. 2002
  72. Review of A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa by I. M. Lewis by: Lidwien Kapteijns and Mursal Farah. (2001)
  73. Clan Conflict and Factionalism in Somalia By Samuel M. Makinda. (1999).
  74. Raveen Satk. "The Segmentary Social Order" 8 May 1999.
  75. Somali Clans Battle Near U.S. Troops BY JOHN BALZAR. FEB. 27, 1995
  76. Tragedy in Somalia: Clans, Colonizers, Superpowers, and the Cult of Personality By Fraser Brown. 6 pages. May 1993
  77. Somali Clans Take Up Arms Against Looters October 29, 1992. By Robert M. Press,
  78. The Somali social order From Helen Chapin Metz, ed. "Somalia: A Country Study".1992.
  79. J.Kirk."The Yibirs and Midgans of Somaliland". (1905)
  80. J.Markakis."The Ishaq-Ogaden Dispute". (1989)
  81. I.M.Lewis. Force and Fission in Northern Somali Lineage Structure (1) Feb 1961.
  82. I.M.Lewis."Hisorical Aspects of Genealogies in N.Somali Social Structure (1962)
  83. I.M.Lewis." Force and Fission in Northern Somali Lineage Structure Feb 1961.
  84. Goldsmith."A Preliminary Investigations of the BloodGroups of the Sab Bondsmen of N. Somaliland. (Dec , 1958)
  85. The Somali lineage system and the total genealogy: A general introduction to basic principles of Somali political institutions. by I. M Lewis (Author)-1957
  86. Sufism in Somaliland: a Study in Tribal Islam. Part II. Part Two By I.M LEWIS. 1955.
  87. Sufism in Somaliland: a Study in Tribal Islam. Part II. Part One By I.M LEWIS. 1955
  88. What Does the Somali Experience Teach Us about the Social Contract and the State? by D.K. Leonard with M.S. Samantar. 26 pages. 1955.
  89. H.Rayne. "Somal Tribal Law "(1921)
  90. A Tale of Two Minorities: The State of the Gaboye and Bantu Communities of Somalia BY Mohamed Eno.
  91. The Origins of the Galla and Somali tribes. by Juxon Barton.
  92. Debating Somali Identity in a British Tribunal:The Case of the BBC Somali Service . by Abdi Ismail Samatar. 53 pages.

SOMALI WOMEN'S ARCHIVES

  1. The Rapid Assessment of Somali Diaspora Women By Stefan GROSCHL. 2023-09.
  2. 'This is ours': Somaliland women smell success as frankincense business takes off By Rachel Fobar. May 17, 2023
  3. Enabling women's representation and participation in political dialogues in Somalia Report: July 2023. 34 pages. Somali Dialogue Platform.
  4. 'The Impact of Civil War and State Collapse on the Roles of Somali Women: A Blessing in Disguise' - May 10, 2023
  5. Breaking the Barriers: Women's Struggle for Political Participation in Somaliland - Mar 11, 2023
  6. Somali women & girls bearing the brunt of crisis Source. Save the Children: published 8 Mar 2023
  7. The importance of Somali women in leadership for sustainable development and peace - By SAHRA AHMED KOSHIN|MARCH 30, 2022
  8. New Action Plan Launched To Enhance Somali Women's Role in Somalia's Martitime Sector 15 Feb 2023. UNSOM.
  9. Somaliland's frankincense brings gold to companies. Its women pay the price By Rachel Fobar. 7 Jan 2023.
  10. Women's Rights in Islam and Somali Culture By : Michelle Mathews. Dec , 2002
  11. Women in Somalia Bring Justice to Gender-Based Violence Survivors By Claudia Rosel. 28 Nov 2022
  12. Summary Report: Rapid Gender Assessment in Somaliland Source: Plan International. published.26 Sep 2022
  13. 'SITAAD': The Somali Women's Traditional Spiritual Gathering By Muna Ahmed & Hamda Raage. August 1, 2022
  14. Somaliland Politics - Where are the Women? By Fahima Abdi Ali. July 5, 2022
  15. Narrating everyday peace and (in)security: Somaliland women's lived realities as sites of contestation By Siham Rayale. 23 pages. Posted 15 March 2022
  16. Resilient women: what we can learn from Somali refugees in Britain By Dr Joanna Lewis. 9 Nov 2021.
  17. Bounded Choices: Somali Women Constructing Difference in Minnesota Housing By Tasoulla Hadjiyanni. 15 pages. 2021-06.
  18. Somaliland: Women only Losers in Elections 2021 as Wadani Party Paints the Country Orange By Abdikarim Olol. 06/06/2021
  19. Somalia's Women Voices: Pushing for Gender-Inclusive Representation MARCH 24, 2021
  20. Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting among Somali Women in the U.S. State of Arizona: Evidence of Treatment Access, Health Service Use and Care Experiences by Georgia Michlig, Nicole Warren, etc. Published: 2 April 2021.
  21. Women in Somalia warn against the dangers of female genital mutilation/cutting Nov 27, 2020
  22. Somali Women Forging Alliances to Safeguard Equal Rights For All (MoWHRD).Somalia. October 2020. 36 pages.
  23. Somaliland's sportswomen are breaking tape - and barriers By Ryan Lenora Brown. April 21, 2020
  24. Petty Theft: How One Somaliland Women Organization Officials are Embezzling Aid Intended for the Internally Displaced in Hargeisa By Yurub Abib Abdi. March 24, 2020.
  25. Research shows electing women makes a real difference in people's lives By Sarah Kliff. June 27, 2018
  26. Somaliland Women's Political Participation Will Increase Citizens' Confidence in Democracy. June 18, 2018. by Musa M. Isse.
  27. Somaliland: Cabinet approves 20% Quota for Women in the Upcoming Parliament and Local Councils June 7, 2018.
  28. The Situation for Female Survivors of Non-Partner Sexual Violence: a focused enquiry of Somali young women's views, knowledge and opinions By Ulrika Byrskog, et al. Feb 2018.
  29. Somalia: Women fearing genderbased violence. Country Policy and Information Note. Version 4.0, 28 pages. April 2018.
  30. Gender and enterprise in fragile refugee settings: female empowerment amidst male emasculation-a challenge to local integration?. By Holly A. Ritchie. 27 DEC 2017
  31. Somali Women's Political Participation And Leadership - Evidence And Oppurtunies East Africa Research Fund.(EARF).June 2017
  32. Somaliland passes first law against rape (BBC News) Jan 8, 2017.
  33. Embracing SDG16+ in Somaliland: an opportunity for change 8 DEC 2017
  34. Somaliland: Empowering Women through ICT DEC 7, 2017.
  35. Invisible Pirates: Women and the Gendered Roles of Somali Piracy by Brittany Gilmer (2017)
  36. Tackling Gender Based Violence in Somaliland (2017)
  37. Somaliland's women show their entrepreneurial spirit. By JAMES JEFFREY.27 OCT 2017.
  38. Women and inequality in Somaliland.Oct 24, 2017.
  39. Lost in Implementation? Where is Gender in the Somali Compact for Peacebuilding and Statebuilding By Love Odih Kumuyi. (2017)
  40. 'Alternative Nobel' winner: 'Women need to see role models to become leaders' By Karen McVeigh. 27 Sept 2017 (The Guardian)
  41. In Somali drought, women fighting sexual predators as well as hunger (CNN) By Alecia Richards. July 14, 2017
  42. Somaliland's women show kindness and leadership in the face of a humanitarian crisis. by Holly Miller. 7 Sept 2017
  43. Implementing the women, peace and security agenda? Somali debates on women's public role and political participation By Horst, Cindy (2017)
  44. Somaliland: For many girls, school holidays means FGM "cutting season". UN Population Fund. 10 Aug 2017
  45. In Somaliland, girls are expected to marry young and become mothers. Now she's studying at a top US college. by Francesca Croce. 6/17/2017.
  46. Serving women facing drought in Somaliland (UNFPA) 21 Feb 2017.
  47. Meet the Somali woman revolutionizing our social justice conversations (Muslim Girl) By IMAN IBRAHIM.MARCH 6, 2017.
  48. Somali elections: How women still fight for political space in African polls (The Conversation) 05 Mar 2017. BY Stephanie Carver
  49. In Somaliland, women are being raped and having miscarriages as a result of extreme drought (Independent) By Alice Rowsome, Hargeisa. Feb 17, 2017.
  50. Somali women breadwinners (Norwegian Refugee Council) 18 Apr 2017
  51. Towards more female head teachers in Somaliland- Global Partnership for Education. Feb 2017.
  52. "Teaching My Mother How to Give Birth": A feminist approach to Warsan Shire's poetry by Mayte Cantero Sanchez. 11 Jan 2016.
  53. Thesis Sexual Desire, Modesty and Womanhood: Somali Female Hybrid Subjectivities and the Gabar Xishood Leh Discourse By Hashi, Bilan. 2016.
  54. Opportunities to Improve WIC Services for Somali Women By Katie Meehan, Lindsay Herendeen. 2016. 24 pages.
  55. Somali Women's Participation in Politics and Public Life -PDF by AU/UN IST.NOV 15TH, 2016
  56. Somali Womens Participation in Politics and Public Life 15 Nov 2016. (AMISOM Report)
  57. The challenges faced when trying to eliminate violence against women in Somaliland-Progressio.org.uk by Fabiana Harrington, 01/12/2016
  58. Somali Women Seek More Political Participation As the Country Marks International Women's Day-AMISOM 2016.
  59. SRSG Keating meets women leaders over women's representation in 2016 electoral process
  60. Somali Women Agree on Model To Improve Gender Parity In 2016 Elections-Amisom June 20 2016
  61. Elders Undermines Women's Political Participation by Hudda Ibrahim, Jul 2, 2016
  62. The Somali Woman Question: More Than a Call for Equality by B. Arte, 20/05/2016
  63. Somali Women and the Socialist State By Iman Abdulkadir Mohamed. 9 pages. 1 March 2015
  64. Young Somali Women's Individual and Collective Understanding of Cultural and Religious Identity through Narrative Participatory Photography by Ruth M. Smith, Bildhaan (2015)
  65. The complexity of sexual and gender-based violence-International Alert Oct 2015
  66. (Re) claiming the Body of the Somali Woman in Nuruddin Farah's From a Crooked Rib-pdf by Helmi Ben Meriem (2015)
  67. "Young Somali Women's Individual and Collective Understanding of Cultural and Religious Identity through Narrative Participatory Photography. Bildhaan. By Ruth M.Smith (2015)
  68. The Rhetoric of Refugees: Literacy, Narrative and Identity for Somali Women. 5-11-2015. By Mary Helen O'Connor.
  69. Constraints Hindering Somali Women's Advancement to Higher Political and Leadership Positions. by Ali Yassin sheikh Ali and Fatima Mohamed Mohamud (March 2015)
  70. The Political and Civic Engagement of Somali Women. by Heritage Institute, APR 2015
  71. Somali women struggle to make it in politics-Aljazeera 6/11/2014
  72. Somalia: Women Shouldn't Live in Fear of Rape Human Rights Watch. Feb 13, 2014.
  73. 'Mothers and Memory: Suffering, Survival and Sustainability in Somali Clan Wars', in Dana Cooper and Claire Phelan (eds.), Mothers and War: An International Perspective. (2014)
  74. Nadifa Mohamed's 'Orchard of Lost Souls' by NY Times, 03/23/2014.
  75. The Role of Somali Women in the Private Sector UNDP, 19 Nov 2014.
  76. Women's Rights in the New Somalia: Best Practice Guidelines for MPs and CSOs. -January 2014. 71 pages. Prepared by Legal Action Worldwide (LAW).
  77. Somaliland: Women Have A Role To Play In Peacebuilding Published by Transconflict. Jul 25, 2013
  78. Gender Mainstreaming Made Easy -Handbook for Programme Staff by Suvimarja Vuontela, UNDP (2013)
  79. The impact of civil war and state collapse on the roles of Somali women: a blessing in disguise - By Markus V . Hoehne. 22 January 2013
  80. Breaking Down Stereotypes: Somali Women Always Agents of History. June 19, 2013.
  81. The impact of civil war and state collapse on the roles of Somali women:a blessing in disguise by Mohamed H. Ingiriis and and Markus V. Hoehne. 2013.
  82. [PDF]Women Political Participation and Decision-making-Somaliland Law (2013)
  83. Sitaad: Somali women's traditional devotional space by Ahmed Ibrahim Awale, 2013
  84. Marginalising women in Somali politics. Aug 24, 2013. by Abdi, Cawo (2013).
  85. The Role of Somali women on peace building BY Abdisalam Sheikh Ali (2013).
  86. Somaliland lawmakers oppose parliament quota for women and minorities. By Barkhad Dahir in Hargeisa.2012.
  87. Narrating peace: Somaliland women's experiences by SIHAM RAYALE, 3 Sept 2012
  88. A Call for Sisterhood: A Paradigm Shift in Somali Political Leadership by Zainab Hassan, Aug 18, 2012
  89. Haweenku Wa Garab (Women are a Force): Women and the Somali Nationalist Movement, 1943-1960. by Safia Aidid. 2012
  90. The Role of Women in Promoting Peace and Development in Horn of Africa By Nicklas Svensson (ed.) Sept 23-24 2011
  91. Somali Women: Agents of Change, The untapped pedigree of Somali women's political participation By Yasmeen Maxamuud. 15 NOV, 2011.
  92. [PDF]Women's Human Rights in Somaliland. By NAGAAD. 2010
  93. Somali women and peacebuilding-(PDF) by Faiza Jama. 2010.
  94. And what about Somali women? Published in: Pambazuka News. Dec 9, 2008
  95. Review of Saa Waxay Thidi:Maansadii Iyo Waayihii Xaawa Jibriil. (And Then She Said: The Poetry and Times of Hawa Jibril). by Faduma Ahmed Alim and Lidwien Kapteijns. 2008.
  96. [Book]Reconstituting Lives: Somali Women's Efforts To Reformulate Household and Community Values in Kansas City, Missouri BY Melissa Kimberly Filippi-Franz. (2008)
  97. Caring for Somali Women: Implications for Clinician-Patient Communication By Jennifer Carroll, Ronald Epstein, etc. 2007 Jun.
  98. Somalia: Somaliland women take on new roles Source:TNH. Posted-3 May 2005
  99. Best Practices: "Somali Family Mental Health Support Program" By Ubah I. Nur, Maryan Dalal, etc. 17 pages. Feb 2005
  100. Conflict Resolution, Confidence-building and Peace Enhancement among Somali Women 2002. By UN-IOM. Abstract only.
  101. Somali Women's Songs for the First Ladies of Early Islam. ISIM Newletter 3(1): 27. By Kapteijns, Lidwein (1999).
  102. "Gender Relations and the Transformation of The Northern Somali Tradition" By Kapteijns, Lidwein. (1995), pp.241-59.
  103. Human Rights Brief: Women in Somalia. Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada.1 April 1994
  104. Silent Voices: The Role of Somali Women's Poetry in Social and Political Life By Zainab Mohamed Jama. 18 pages. (1994)
  105. Ladan Affi."Arraweelo: A Role Model For Somali Women"
  106. Arawelo(Somali: Caraweelo), was a Somali folkloric Queen Wikipedia.

Go top