Contents
Gender
Female Genital Mutilation
Khat
History
Language & Literature
Clanship
Society
Economy
POLITICS
CIVIL WAR
Maroodi Jeex Newsletter (1996-2000)
Letters and Opinions
Human Rights
Anti-personnel mines
War Crimes
Search for transparency
Rift Valley disease page
Gender
F.Nzwili. "Somali Women Pay Tribute To Victims Of War "Feb.'99
FEMNET."Somali Women Call for Peace"Jan.'98
AANA."Somali Women Launch Crusade for Peace"Feb.'99
J.Achieng'."Somalia:A New Book Tells of Somali Women's Role in Conflict and Peace"Jan.'99
WINNEWS."Somalia:Juba Women Development Center"'98
A.Ayman. "Reducing risky pregnancies in Somalia". '98
XINHUA."Somali Women Call for Implementing Cairo Peace Accord.Mar'98
U.S. "Women and children are subjected to abuse and discrimination, FGM remains a problem in Somalia"'97
UNICEF. "The Situation of Children & Women"'97
Graham."Dysuria symptoms in Somali girls and women"Oct'97
H.Haroun. "Somali Women Torn Over Stylish But Religiously Incorrect Veils "Oct'96
MNS. "At first-of-a-kind women's workshop, Somali wives, mothers and sisters agree to be leaders in promoting peace " Dec'96
A.Martin. "Djibouti Drug Culture Leaves Dying Women High and Dry; The Social Fabric is Unravelling" Oct'96
C.O'celery."$ 50,000 award to go to Somali Women " Oct.'95
Hartley."Somali Women March for Peace after Militia Battles " Feb.'95
K.Richburg."'I'd Like to Be President--Really';Somali Women Defy Repressive Customs To Help Repair Their Fractured Country " Feb.'93
C.Burns."Bearing Heavy Burden, Women Demand Part in Somali Reconstruction " Mar.'93
Lyons."Somali Women Create Jobs for Poor"Jan.'93
D.Williams."Somalia's civil war brings changing roles for women"Jan.'93
D.Lorch."Somali Women Stride Ahead Despite the Scars of Tradition "Dec.'92
W.Mann."Two Somali Women Describe Hardship Before Flight "Sep.'92
M.Badawi."Islamic Law and Women in the Horn of Africa--Two Perspectives"'98
T.Horn."Islamic Law and Women in the Horn of Africa--Two Perspectives"'98
Crary."Somali Women Buck Islamic Tradition to Advance with Government Help."Jan.'86
M.Mandli."Women are the breadwinners in 90 percent of Somali families, yet they are victimized by violence, rape, and discrimination" Oct.'96
U.S."Women face a number of serious obstacles to freedom in Somalia,including discrimination, subordination, genital mutilation..." '96
HRW."Human Rights Watch Global Report on Somali Women's Human Rights" Apr.'96
P.Njunguri."Somali Women and Girls Victims of Sexual Violence"Nov.'98
O.Anyadike."Somaliland: Women Fighting for their Rights"Mar.'92
K.Huckshorn."Rapes add to refugees' suffering; Somali women abused in camps "Dec.'92
Ourbacks."Thousands of Somali women who fled to Kenya face rape in Kenya" Nov.'93
Hibaaq Osman."Women Sow Seeds of Peace in the Horn"
Fatima Jibrel. "Somali Women and Somali Civil Wars"
M.Bali. Marwo: an Alphabet of Conduct (1997)
Nuruddin Farah. "The Women of Kismayo." TLS,
L.Kapteijns."Gender Relations and the Transformation of The N. Somali Tradition".
Hibaaq Osman."Somalia: Will Reconstruction Threaten Women's Progress.(1993)
Zeinab Jama. "Fighting To Be Heard: Somali Women's Poetry
Iman Abdul Majid. "My Somalia".'92
Umar Ma'allin. "The Voice of the Girls of the Horn: A Gabay.
Amina Adan. "Women and Words. (1981)
H.Keynan. "Somalia: the Great Escape
H.Ditmars. "Women Rebuild Shattered Economy.
Female Genital Mutilation
Driscol."As Allah Created: In Somaliland, controversy over a millennia-old tradition".
A.Neustatter."Born a Scomali nomad, Waris Dirie is now a top model and a UN ambassador campaigning against female circumcision".Mar'98
K.Miller."Circumcision ritual creates cultural conflict for Somali women; ...In the U.S., it's abuse and illegal"May'98
L.Dabbagh."Socio-Cultural Research and Female Genital Mutilation " Apr.'96
LILA."Canada grants refugee status to Somali woman who wished to protect daughter from genital mutilation " '95
WINNEWS."Female genital and sexual mutilation: Training of trainers program for Somali women in the Netherlands" '94
Xinhua."International Seminar on Pharaonic Circumcision Opens in Mogadishu ."Jun.'88
W.Derie. "The Evils of Female Circumcision.
S.Mire. "Female Genital Mutilation.
H.Rushwan. "Female Circumcision.
S.Welsh. "A Dangerous Rite of Passage.
M.Barrie. "Female Circumcision: Wounds that Never Heal
C.O'Connor."[Somali]Women Reflect on Female Circumcision".
B. Calder."Female Circumcision/Genital Mutilation".
G.Gallo."The Origin of Infibulation in Somalia". (1992)
C. Lamb."Female Excision: the Feminist Conundrum.
Omar A.Mohamud."Female Cicumcision and Child Mortality in Urban Somalia". Genus
Zeinab Jama."Female Circumcision". (1991)
Saida Herzi."Against the Pleasure Principle". (1990)
J. Wheelwright."Female Circumcision Comes Under the Knife.
P. Grassivaro and M. Abdisamed. "Female Circumcision in Somalia: Anthropological traits.
Pieters, G."Infibulation in the Horn of Africa". (1977)
A. Worsley."Infibulation & Female Circumcision: (1938)
Khat
Z.Jama."Qat Eats away at the Heart of Somaliland Life.
Panoscope
,(1994)
O.Mohammed. " Nomads and Women Carry the Burden of Qat.
Panoscope
,(1994)
J. Sullum. " Khat Calls".
Reason
(1993)
J. Stevenson. " Krazy Khat ".
New Republic
, 1992
C.Pantelis et al." Use and Abuse of Khat (Catha edulis:
Psy.Med.
(1989)
A.Elmi."Experience in the Control of Khat in Somalia",
Bull.on Nar.
P.Kalix."Chewing Khat",
World Health
(1986).
History
Geshekter, C. " Anti-colonialism and class formation: the Eastern Horn of Africa."
Burton, Richard. "Narrative of a Trip to Harar".JRGS.
Jardine, D. " Somaliland: The Cinderella of the Empire".ASJ.
Jardine, D. "The Mad Mullah of Somaliland".ASJ.(1920)
Kittermaster, H.B. "Development of Somalis", ASJ.
Kittermaster, H.B. "British Somaliland". ASJ.
Cruttenden, C. "Memoirs of Western or Edoor Tribes Inhabiting the North-east Africa", JRGS
Language & Literature
Said Samatar."Oral Poetry and Political Dissent in Somali Society. Ufahamu(1989)
Umar Ma'allin. "The Voice of the Girls of the Horn of Africa: A Gabay. Ufahamu(1989)
Amina Adan. "Women and Words. Ufahamu(1981)
Rirarche."Somali Poetry: the Case of Miniature Genres. Ufahamu(1989)
S.Samatar."Gabay-Hayir.A Somali Mock Heroic Song". RAL.(1980)
Andrzejewski "The Rise of Written Somali Literature AR&D(1975)
Andrzejewski & Galaal."Somali Poetic Combat". JAL&L(1963) (Three parts)
Clanship
J.Markakis."The Ishaq-Ogaden Dispute". (1989)
E.Taschdjian."Stammesorganisation und Eheverbote der Somalis".
H.Rayne."Somal Tribal Law "(1921)
I.M.Lewis." Force and Fission in Northern Somali Lineage Structure"
I.M.Lewis."Hisorical Aspects of Genealogies in N.Somali Social Structure"
J.Kirk."The Yibirs and Midgans of Somaliland". (1905)
Goldsmith."A Preliminary Investigations of the BloodGroups of the Sab Bondsmen of N. Somaliland." (
MAN
)
Raveen Satk. "The Segmentary Social Order"
Society
D.Brook."Social Sciences for Somali Nomads", The Social Sciences
Schrenzel,E.H."Somali Village", Living Age
H.Rayne.Somal Marriage. ASJ (1920)
L.Brothmacher."Medical Practice Among the Somalis". Bull. of the His. Med.(1989)
I.M Lewis. "Sufism in Somaliland. I. BOAS I. (1955)
I.M Lewis. "Sufism in Somaliland. II.( BOAS(1955)
Economy
M. Kielmas. "Somaliland: Hopes and Hype on the New Frontier. MEED.
M.Kielmas. "Oil Hopes Hinge on North Somalia",
Petro Econo
Michel Del Buono and Jamil Mubarak. "The Macroeconomy of Somalia" (1999)
Ibrahim Warsame. "Economy: "A Report from a Fact-Finding Mission in Somaliland on Livestock"
J. Unruh."The Relationship between Indigenous pastoralist Resource"
A.J. Abdi. "Cement lined tanks for rainwater harvesting"(1995)"
POLITICS
I. Fisher. "Mandheera Journal : Somali Militias Now Undergoing 'Rehumanization'"
I. Fisher. "Somalia's Oasis of Peace Seeks Status of a Nation"(Nov 1999)
Jeffrey Bartholet. "A Return to Somalia "(Nov 1999)
K. De Young. "World's Donors Ignore Hope in Somaliland "(Nov 1999)
R. Russell. "Somaliland Goes it Alone after Cruel Past (June 1999)
A. Simmons. "Commerce Rises From Ashes in Somalia.(June 1998)
G. Prunier. "Somaliland Goes it Alone"Current History
The Economist."Another Country.Somaliland".(1996)
EUE. "Informal Meeting of Somaliland Delegation with Somalilanders (Addis Ababa, 1996) .(1996)
EUE. "The Peace Committee for Somaliland Civil War(1996)
EUE. "Agreements of the Third Round of the Habar Je'clo/Habar Yonis Negotiation ")
Awdal "Republic": Declaration of Independence,[Somalia] (1995)
EUE. "Informal Meeting of Somaliland Delegation in Addis Ababa" (1996)
EUE. Report on Mission to Djibouti and Borama (1996)
M. Bryden. "Prospects for Peaceful Solution to the Conflict in Somaliland(1995)
EUE. Camp Abokor Meeting" (1996)
Ahmed Farah. "Sharia Courts in Somaliland(1996)
Mat Bryden. "Report of Trip to Cam Aboker and Rabasso Refugee Camps(1996)
Mat Bryden. "Report on Mission to Somaliland(1995)
Mat Bryden. "Somaliland and Peace in the Horn of Africa:A Situation Report and Analysis (1995)
Mat Bryden. "Somaliland at the cross-roads" (1995)
Mat Bryden. "Briefing Paper: Situation in Somaliland (November 1994)
Africa Confidential."Somaliland: Shrinking Horizons".(1996)
The Economist."Somaliland, the Call it"
Africa Confidential. "Limited Powers"
Africa Confidential. "Holding on in Somaliland"
I.Alexander."Somaliland:Rebuilding a Shattered Land". National Review,
A.Carroll and B.Rajagopal,"The Case for the Independent Statehood of Somaliland",
J. Ewing. The "Other Somalia Pursues Independent Trail. Africa News
Moh'd Caateeye. "Consequences of the Prolonged War in Somaliland.
Amina Warsame. "Somaliland: A State in Pursuit of Peace and Stability
Ahmed A. Daar. "Capacity Building in Somaliland: SORRA.
Letter To UNOSOM From S/L's Traditional Leaders
H. Samatar. "Some Potential Methods for Reconciling the Warring Somali Factions.
Muse Bihi Abdi. "Independent Somaliland"
S. Stamberg."Somaliland Struggles To Separate itself from Somalia".National Public Radio
G.Lang. "Determined Somaliland Stands Alone. Africa News.
Ed Timms."Self-styled Nation Feels Lost amid Furor Over Somalia".Dallas Mor. News
The Economist."Dying & Toying with Maps".(1992)
Africa Confidential. "Beyond the Pax Americana". (1992)
M.Bryden.Somaliland:Fiercely Independent Africa Report.
R. Omaar."Somaliland:Best Chance for Peace". Africa Report.(1993)
J.Flint."Somaliland:Struggling to Survive". Africa Report..(1994)
S.Sheppard."Somaliland Clans Bury The Hatchet". Africa Report.
Africa Confidential. "Somaliland: Chaos Spreads to the North".(1992)
P.Biles."Somaliland: A State of Unrecognized Suffering." Guardian(1992)
A.Rake."Somaliland: Rebuilding from Scratch". New African(1991)
J. Flint"Somaliland fights alonely Battle." Guardian(1991)
P.Biles."Somaliland: Building Peace amid the rubble of an African Civil War"
P. Biles. Somaliland: Going Alone
A.Rake."Somaliland: The North Declares Indepedence". New African(1991)
J.Drysdale."Somaliland:Proud Northerners Seek to Stand Alone" (1991)
CIVIL WAR
T.Dagne."Somalia: A Country at War - Prospects for Peace(1992).
C.Searle."Agony and Struggle in Northern Somalia",
MRG."Hargeisa: City Under Siege " & Somalia: A Nation in Turmoil"
Somalia:Observations Regarding the Northern Conflict U.S. GAO.
R.Gersony."Why Somalis Flee: Conflict in Northern Somalia", (1993)
A.Neier." Bloody Somalia ",
The Nation.
1988
Reported Massacres and Indiscriminate Killings in Somalia (1988)
Saeed Sh.Mohammed. "Siyad's Vendetta against the North. NA(1987)
R.Greenfield."Somalia's Letter of Death".
New African
(1987)
Maroodi Jeex Newsletter
Maroodi Jeex: Intro.
M.Bali. "Somaliland: Crime militias on the rise"
M.Bali. Foreign Interventions and Local Stability, Somalilanders Speak Out
M.Bali. "Female Circumcision: Women's Rights vs. Tribal Group's Identity - The Case of the Darod of Somalia
Open Letter on Censorship in Somaliland
By B.W. Anderzewski. "Muuse Xaaji Ismaaciil Galaal (1914 - 1980)"
H.Rayne. "Queen Araweilo"
Ibrahim Y. Warsame. "A Report from a Fact-Finding Mission in Somaliland on Livestock"
Ahmed Al-Azhari."College of Professional and Management in Hargeisa"
Raveen Satk. "The Segmentary Social Order"
Hibaaq Osman."Women Sow Seeds of Peace in the Horn"
The Republican."Zeila: Beneath the Ruins of Ancient Civilization"
Gerard Prunier. "Somaliland, a forgotten country"
Abdillahi H.Mohamed. "Memoirs: The Uprooted Nomad of The Earth"
Paolo Mauro."Why Worry About Corruption?"
"Demining Efforts in Somaliland"
M.Bali. "Agenda for Social Development in the 21 Century: General reflections
Andrea Useem. "In a breakaway region of war-torn Somalia, a new university takes root"
FSAU."The impact of the livestock import ban by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"
Ali Abdi. "Education in Somalia: History, destruction, and calls for reconstruction
Ibrahim Warsame. "Report on the current situation ...in Somaliland"
Mohamed Hashi Elmi. "Are We Paralyzed by Economic Difficulties or Rampant Mis-management?"
Glyn Davies."RVF and Livestock Trade in the Horn of Africa"
Farid Muhammed. "Workshop on Trade and Private Sector Development in Somalia"
Farid Muhammed. "Somalia Ports Development Workshops Berbera/Bosaso "
Regional profiles: [Waqooyi Galbeed][
Awdal Region]
Sarah Erlichman. "Camp Camaboker, Ethiopia"
Nuruddin Farah."A country in Exile"
M.Bali. "The Struggle for Free Speech"
M.Bali. "Popular Participation Required to Strengthen Democracy, Says Seminar"
UNSG. "Assistance for the reconstruction and development of Djibouti.Report of the Secretary-General"
Ladan Affi. "Arraweelo: A Role Model For Somali Women"
Ibrahim Hassan Mohamed. "Why My Family Emigrated To America"
Mohamud Abdullahi Singub. "Waxay Garan Boqol Guyaal["They Will Understand [in] Hundred Years"]"/>
Dahir A. Jama. "Somalilanders abroad: The Diminishing Returns"
ILO. "The Role of Remittances on Economy in Somalia "
SCFUK/FSAU. "Somaliland Household Food Economy Analysis"
K.N.S. Nair. "The Economics of Khat Trade in Somalia and Somaliland "
Mohammed El-Sioufi. "Urban Settlements Governance and Management Programme in Somaliland"
Hassan Ahmed Gabay. "Repression: The Gabay Report"
Patrick Erouart-Siad. "The She-Camels of Las Anod"
Ducci. "Guidelines for Employment and Skills Training in Conflict-Affected Countries"
Letters and Opinions
Ahmed Hashi. "An Open Letter To President Mohamed Ibrahim Egal"
Government of Somaliland: Ban of Livestock Exports to Saudi Arabia
Abdillahi H. Daud." If Somaliland Could Speak
Ahmed Esa. "Somaliland Institute for Practical Research (IPR)"
Jimcaale Maxamed Ciise. "Dulmiga aan Maamulka Cigaal kala kumay Af-weyne iima geysan".
Saeed M. Timir. "Personal Agenda Camouflaged as Fight for Freedom of Press"
Rashid G. Nur. "Failure to See THE Big Picture (Common Interest) is the Culprit"
Ibrahim Ismail Ahmed. "Italy Opposes Somaliland's Independence: Says British Foreign Secretary"
Jaffar M.Gadaweyne."Somaliland cannot Go far unless Basic Issues are Dealt with"
Yassin M. Ismail. "President Egal is an Uncontestable Politician
Ismail Ibrahim Ahmed. " A Tale of Two Cities: Nairobi & Hargeisa" (Revised March 1, 1998)
Jama Musa Jama. "A Note on "My Teachers' Group".
Egyptian Policy Against Somaliland. A Press Release
Jama Ugaz Elmi. "A Breakthrough For Education In Somaliland: Amoud University"
Constitution of Somaliland
World Campaign for Somaliland's Recognition. A Press Release
Policy Statement by the Government of Somaliland, Jan. 2, 1998.
Mohamed Ibrahim Egal. "Somaliland Press Policy"
Sa'ad S. Noor. The United States should recognize Somaliland's Independence.
Eyes on Toronto: Somaliland Demonstration for Diplomatic Recognition (1999)
Abdullahi Daud. "Political Power and Social Realities (1999)
Ismail Ibrahim Ahmed. "Alternative Travel Trip: Nairobi & Hargeisa (1999)
Suleiman Ayash. "A Cry over Lost Opportunity" (1999)
Jamal Gabobe. A Press Release on Cairo Somali Conference (1999)
Group Letters to Hargeisa and Responses (1999)
Abdillahi Abdi. Somaliland Education and Issues on the Web (1999)
Suleiman Dirir Abdi. "Report on Peace-making Initiative in Somaliland" (1999)
Mohamed Ibrahim Egal. Official Statement of the Government of Republic of Somaliland (1998)
Human Rights Conditions
Somaliland Constitution(1997)
U.S. "Somaliland in Somalia Country Report on Human Rights Practices for 1998"
U.S. "Somalia Country Report on Human Rights Practices for 1998"
UNHCR. Report of the Special Rapporteur, Ms. Mona Rishmawi."Situation of human rights in Somalia" (1998)
Amnesty. "Somaliland leader says he supports human rights" (1998)
Amnesty. "Amnesty visits Somaliland to run human rights workshop"
"Women and children are subjected to abuse and discrimination... " (1998)
UNHCR. "Assistance to Somalia in the field of human rights " (1998)
UNHCR. U.S."Women face a number of serious obstacles to freedom in Somalia... " '96
UNHCR. "Mass Graves in Somaliland" (1997)
UNHCHR. "Preliminary UN assessment of mass graves in the vicinity of Hargeisa" (1997)
Simmone. Mass Graves Leave A Corner of Somalia Appealing for Justice". LA Times
Maneker. "Shaky Peace Lets Northern Somalia Grow Without International Aid.
Manekar. "Survivors Seek Justice in Somalia".
UNHCR. "Press Freedom Somaliland" (1997)
UNHCR. Forensic report: Preliminary assessment of mass graves in the vicinity of Hargeisa, Somalia " (1997)
UNHCR. U.S. "Women face a number of serious obstacles to freedom in Somalia, " (1997)
UNHCR. "Informal Note on the Press Conference by Ms. Mona Rishmawi on the Situation of Human Rights in Somalia
Amnesty. "Putting Human Rights on the Agenda: a Human Rights Training Workshop on Somalia
UNHCR. Report by the independent expert, Fanuel J.Kozonguizi, on the conditions in Somalia" (1993)
UNHCR. "Report of the Independent Expert, Mohamed Charfi, on the situation of human rights in Somalia" (1995)
UNHCR. "Report by the independent expert, Fanuel J.Kozonguizi, on the conditions in Somalia"
UNHCR. "Report by the Independent Expert,Ms. Mona Rishmawi on Human Rights in Somalia " (1997)
UNHCR. "Report of the Special Rapporteur, Ms. Mona Rishmawi, on Human Rights Conditions in Somalia" (1996)
UNHCR. "Assistance to Somalia in the field of human rights Commission on Human Rights (1995)
HRW."Global Report on Somali Women's Human Rights" Apr.'96
UNSC. "UN Security Council resolutions on Somalia" (1992)
Anti-personnel mines
Progress Reported on Demining Burao
United Nations Demining Programme in Somalia and Somaliland
Demining Programme Report: Somalia Country Report
DHA. International Standards for Humanitarian Mine Clearance Operations
PHR. "Hidden Enemies: Land Mines In Northern Somalia" (1992)
War Crimes
UNHCHR. "Preliminary UN assessment of mass graves in the vicinity of Hargeisa" (1997)
Simmone. Mass Graves Leave A Corner of Somalia Appealing for Justice". LA Times
Maneker. "Shaky Peace Lets Northern Somalia Grow Without International Aid.
Manekar. "Survivors Seek Justice in Somalia".
Press Reports on Mass graves.
Search for transparency
"United Nations Actions against Corruption and Bribery
IMF. Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency: Declaration on Principles "'98
IMF. Good Governance.The IMF's Role"
Mabuki"Bureaucratic corruption in Africa:The futility of cleanups "'98
Tanzi. "Roads to Nowhere: How Corruption in Public Investment Hurts Growth "'98
Paolo."Why Worry about Corruption? "'97
Rift Valley disease page
Rift Valley Fever Page